Improvement in carpenters  planes



2Sheets--Sheet1.-

m. q. MAYO.

Garpente rs Plane.

Patented Sept. 14,1875.

I ray d. I

HER, WASHINGTON D C 2 Sheets--Sheet2.

M. .C. MAYO.

Carpenters Plane. N0. 57,772. Patented Sept-14, I875.

N. FEIERS, PHOTWLTMOGRAFHER. WASHINGTON. D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT MATTHIAS-O. MAYO, 0E BoSroN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR To J. GARDNER WELD, 0E SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS PLANES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 167,772, dated September 14, 1875; application filed 7 July 14, 1875.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MATTHIAS G. MAYO, of

Boston, in the county-of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Carpenters Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had-to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a plane constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line a: a: of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the line y 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section on the line a z of Fig. 2 Fig. 6, sectional detail.

.My invention relates to that class of metallic planes for which Letters Patent of the United States were granted to Russell Phillips, August 13,1867.

In these planes the adjustable gage which regulates the distance of the cutter from the edge of the work is supported upon a horizontal arm and secured, when adjusted, by a thumb-screw, the lower end of which enters a longitudinal groove or channel on the upper side of the arm.

This construction is, however, objectionable, as the point of the screw soon becomes worn, so that the gage cannot be securely confined upon the arm, and the tool becomes shaky; furthermore, the sides of thegroove in the arm are liable to be indented by the screw, a ragged edge being thus produced, which interferes with the free movement of the gage.

The first part of my invention has for its object to remedy these difficulties; and consists in providing the Sliding gage with a clamping device, which embraces the horizontal arm, and slides thereon with a spline or feather, by which construction any shifting of the gage, while the tool is being used, is effectually prevented.

My invention also consists in; the peculiar construction of the gage by which the depth of the out is-regulated, this gage extending the entire or the greater portion of the length of the tool, and being provided with a clamping-screw near each end, the plate to which it is secured having a graduated scale at ore; near each end, by which means the tool is held perfectly level, and prevented from being tipped up at one end, as is liable to oc-' on when the gage is placed just in front of.

the cutter, as heretofore, and the formation of a groove or cutof equal depth throughout its entire length is thus insured.

My invention also consists in constructing: the bottom plate of the plane with a lip-or flange instead of with a square edge, as here.-

tofore, the curvature of this lip correspond ing to that of a portion of the edgeof a bead-cutter of any size, the lip or flange serving as a'guide for the cutter as soon as it begins to act, causing it to cut more gradually and smoothly than heretofore, and with less expenditure of power, thus forming a more perfect bead, while the narrow edge of the. lipor flange admits of the formation of a wide bead with a narrow *quirk or fillet, which it has not heretofore been possible to do with any tool made to cut beadsof differ ent widths.

My invention also consists in the peculiar construction of the lower end of the pivoted clamping-lever, which holds the cutter in place, whereby the clogging of the throat is effectually prevented.

To enable others skilled in the art to under. stand and use my invention, I will proceed to describe the'manner in which I have carried it out.

In the said drawings, A represents the stockof the plane, which is formed of metal;

B, the handle; and O, the bottom or sword plate. From one Side of the stock A projects a horizontal arm or beam, D, which is held firm ly in place by means of a screw-nut, a. Upon.

this arm D slides the metallic gage E, by ad- I *FFICE.

ing 0.

arm D. The upper portion of the clamp c, at c", is cut through and provided with an extension, 0', through which a tighteningscrew, (1, passes and engages with a'corre' sponding extension,c, formed on the bracket E" and lower portion of the clamp-bear- The gage is prevented from turning on the arm by the feather e on the arm D, which fits into a groove, f, formed in the under side of the clamp; and by this device the gage is held rigidly upon the arm, and all liability of its position being changed while the tool is in use is effectually prevented; furthermore, when the screw 01 is loosened the gageE is always free to slide upon the arm which passesa clamping-screw, k, and the plate It being provided with a clampingscrew, 1, which passes through a slot, on, in the stock, and enters a slide, a, on the opposite side thereof, this. slide having at its bottom a horizontal plate, P, which also serves as a gage, and, in connection with the gage G, effectually prevents the plane from being rocked laterally while in use, which would cause the opposite sides of the groove being cut to be of unequal depth; and, by means of the screws 70 l, the gages G P can be readily secured at any desired distance from the bottom of the plate 0, so as to de termine the degree of penetration of the cutter into the wood, the adjustment of the gage Gbeing greatly facilitated by a graduated scale, q, near each end of the plate 0.

. By the employment of an elongated gage, G, extendingthe entire, or nearly the entire, length of the plate 0, instead of a short gage placed just in front of the cutter, as heretofore, the operator is enabled to hold the tool perfectly level, and all liability of its being tipped up at one end, as was liable to occur with the old construction, is entirely avoided, and the formation of a groove or cut of equal depth throughout its entire length is thus insured.

[The gage E is provided with a recess, 0", for'sthc reception of the gage P, which would otherwise prevent the gage E from being brought up as close to the plate 0 as might be desired. l

The bottom of the plate 0, instead of being made with a square edge, as heretofore, is

' formed with a projecting lip or flange, s, the

curvature of which corresponds to that of a portion of theedgc of a bead-cutter when secured in place, as seen in Fig. 6. y y

When a cutter of this description is employed, it is secured so as to project out on the inner side only of the plate 0, as seen in Fig. 6, the cutting-points of the iron extending slightly below the bottom of the lip s,

which thus serves as a guide for the cutter as soon as itcommences to act, and also prevents the cutterfrom being forced deeply into the wood, as heretofore, which produces a rough and ragged edge, and the bead is thus caused to be cut gradually and smoothly and more perfectly than heretofore, and with less expenditure of power.

Any sizedbead-cutter may be employed,

and it will be seen that the narrow edge of the lip' s will admit of the formation of a wide head with a narrow quirk or fillet, which has heretofore been impracticable with any tool made to cut beads of various widths.

The cutter or iron b, which may be of any size or description desired, fits into an in clined way, it, made to receiveit, and is securely held by a clamping-lever, H, pivoted at 10 to the stock A.

Passing through the upper end of this lever is a thumb-screw, a, the lower end of which bears against the enlarged outerend of a spring-plate, '22, secured to the under side of the lever, this plate, as the screw is turned, being brought down onto the upper end of the cutter, the further turning of the screw,

causing the lever H to be rocked in such manner as to bring its straight edge to firmly down upon the cutter at or near its center, the cutter being still further steadied in place by a groove in its under side, which fits over the edge 12 at the bottom of the way it. y 1

The lever H thus admits of a cutter of any width or thickness being readily secured in place, while the enlarged end of the spring,

plate 0 aflords an extended bearing, so that the pressure of the screw may be exerted upon the entire width of the cutter.

The lower end of the lever 11 is provided:

with a concave or spoon-shaped enlargement,

a, arranged in such manner that it will re-;

ceive the shavings as theyissue through the;

throat b from the cutter b, and conduct the same sidewise clear of the upper surface of the throat, thereby effectually preventing any clogging of the throat by reason of the shavings accumulating above the same, as is the case with planes constructed in the usual manner. t On the side of each cutter is a pin, 0, by. which it may be readily inserted, removed, or adjusted. I y y When the gage E and arm D are removed, which can be easily done, the plane can be ured as a dado, groover, rabbet, bead, V, or, round plane, by merely inserting a cutter of the desired shape.

i What I claim as my invention, and desire. to secure by Letters Patent, is-- y l 1, The divided clamp 0, provided with; bearing 0, slot f, and clamping screw .01,

adapted to hold and embrace the arm D of a stock, A, substantially as shown and described. v

2. The combination, with the sw0rd-p1ate 0, provided with a lip or flange, s, of the cutter b, pivoted clamping-lever H, provided with concave enlargement a and adjustable gage E, substantially as shown and described.

Witness my hand this 6th day of July, A. D. 1875.

MATTHIAS C. MAYO.

In presence of N. W. STEARNS, P. E. TESGHEMAOHER. 

